Utah Special Function Officer (SFO) Practice Exam

What type of evidence involves a statement made under oath?

1. Physical evidence

2. Testimonial evidence

3. Documentary evidence

4. Real evidence

The correct answer is: Testimonial evidence

The type of evidence that involves a statement made under oath is testimonial evidence. This form of evidence is typically presented in a court setting where a witness recounts their observations, knowledge, or experiences related to a case, and it is delivered in the presence of legal authority, which obligates the witness to tell the truth. The oath taken by the witness emphasizes the seriousness and reliability of their testimony, making it a crucial component in legal proceedings. Physical evidence refers to tangible items that can be presented in court, such as weapons, fingerprints, or any other material object relevant to the case. Documentary evidence includes written documents that can support the facts of the case, like contracts, letters, or official records. Real evidence is often synonymous with physical evidence but specifically refers to items that directly demonstrate the facts in question. Each of these types of evidence plays a distinct role in legal contexts, but only testimonial evidence is characterized by the spoken words of witnesses, especially when delivered under the solemnity of an oath.